Machine Safety 

The commissioning of a machine or equipment requires that it complies with all applicable norms and standards. To ensure safe operation, it is essential to demonstrate that the equipment has been designed, manufactured and installed in accordance with the requirements.

Equipment Risk Assessment

Risk assessment is the process of identifying and evaluating hazards associated with the use of a machine. In standard EVS‑EN ISO 14121, risk assessment is defined as:

• Identifying hazards in machine
• use evaluating the frequency and severity of risks 
• selecting appropriate safety measures

Hazard Evaluation

Risk assessment consists of two main components:

• the severity of harm that a hazard may cause
• the probability of harm occurring, which itself consists of several sub‑components

Based on the risk level, measures are selected with the primary aim of eliminating or reducing the hazard.

Hierarchy of Safety Measures 

• Physical design solutions that eliminate the hazard (e.g., shifting the centre of gravity)
• Protective devices and safety systems that limit the impact of the hazard 
• Warnings and recommendations based on work organisation and user behaviour

CE Marking Process 

CE marking confirms that a machine or equipment meets the European Union’s safety, health and environmental requirements. 

The process consists of the following steps:

• selection of the appropriate directive and standards
•  conducting the equipment risk assessment and preparing compliance documentation
•  involving a third party where required (e.g., an accredited inspection body) 
• compiling the technical file 
• preparing the declaration and applying the CE mark

Read more about CE marking.

Risk Assessment in Completed Projects 

 One of the most interesting projects in the field of equipment safety was the “Lift to the Earth’s Core” designed for the AHHAA Science Centre in Tartu. The intended user was described as “a 13‑year‑old boy, unexpectedly dangerous to himself and others.” A detailed risk assessment was carried out for this equipment, and a comprehensive user manual was prepared.